📖 Aula 06 — Simple Past (Passado Simples) — Verbos Regulares
Nível A1
15/06/2026
⏳ Passado
O que é o Simple Past?
Usamos o Simple Past para falar de ações que já aconteceram e terminaram no passado.
🇧🇷 Equivale ao nosso pretérito perfeito ("eu comi", "ela estudou", "nós trabalhamos")
| Português | Inglês |
|---|
| Ontem eu trabalhei. | Yesterday I worked. |
| Ela estudou muito. | She studied a lot. |
| Nós assistimos ao filme. | We watched the movie. |
📐 Estrutura — Verbos Regulares
Afirmativa
| Sujeito | Verbo + ED | Complemento |
|---|
| I | worked | yesterday. |
| You | studied | last night. |
| He / She / It | played | soccer. |
| We | watched | the movie. |
| They | called | me. |
💡 Regra de ouro: Para verbos regulares, o Simple Past é IGUAL para todos os sujeitos. Só adiciona -ED ao verbo.
Negativa
| Sujeito | did not (didn't) | Verbo BASE | Complemento |
|---|
| I | did not | work | yesterday. |
| You | didn't | study | last night. |
| He | didn't | play | soccer. |
| We | didn't | watch | the movie. |
| They | didn't | call | me. |
⚠️ CUIDADO: Na negativa o verbo volta ao presente (sem -ED)! O "did" já carrega o passado.
❌ He didn't worked.
✅ He didn't work.
Interrogativa
| Did | Sujeito | Verbo BASE | Complemento | ? |
|---|
| Did | I | work | yesterday? |
| Did | you | study | last night? |
| Did | he | play | soccer? |
| Did | they | watch | the movie? |
Respostas curtas:
- Did you work yesterday? → Yes, I did. / No, I didn't.
- Did she study? → Yes, she did. / No, she didn't.
💡 Resposta curta SEMPRE repete o did ou didn't. Nunca repete o verbo.
📝 Regras do -ED
| Regra | Verbo | Past | Pronúncia do -ED |
|---|
| Maioria dos verbos: adiciona -ED | walk | walked | /d/ |
| Termina em -E: só adiciona -D | like | liked | /d/ |
| Termina em consoante + -Y: vira -IED | study | studied | /d/ |
| Termina em CVC*: dobra consoante + -ED | stop | stopped | /d/ |
CVC = consoante + vogal + consoante (sílaba tônica)
Pronúncia do -ED
O -ED tem 3 pronúncias diferentes:
| Pronúncia | Quando | Exemplos |
|---|
| /d/ | Termina com som sonoro (vogal, B, G, L, M, N, R, V, Z) | played, called, lived, opened |
| /t/ | Termina com som surdo (P, K, F, S, SH, CH, X) | worked, watched, helped, danced |
| /ɪd/ | Termina em T ou D | wanted, needed, started, decided |
🎯 Dica: Não se preocupe em decorar as regras de pronúncia agora. Com a prática você vai pegando naturalmente.
📖 Vocabulário — Verbos Regulares Comuns
| Verbo (Presente) | Passado | Português |
|---|
| work | worked | trabalhar |
| study | studied | estudar |
| play | played | jogar / brincar |
| watch | watched | assistir |
| call | called | ligar / chamar |
| help | helped | ajudar |
| talk | talked | conversar |
| walk | walked | caminhar |
| cook | cooked | cozinhar |
| clean | cleaned | limpar |
| start | started | começar |
| finish | finished | terminar |
| need | needed | precisar |
| want | wanted | querer |
| like | liked | gostar |
| love | loved | amar / adorar |
| live | lived | morar |
| visit | visited | visitar |
| travel | traveled | viajar |
| listen | listened | ouvir / escutar |
📅 Marcadores de Tempo (Time Expressions)
| Expressão | Significado | Exemplo |
|---|
| yesterday | ontem | I worked yesterday. |
| last night | ontem à noite | She studied last night. |
| last week | semana passada | We watched a movie last week. |
| last month | mês passado | He traveled last month. |
| last year | ano passado | They lived in SP last year. |
| two days ago | dois dias atrás | I called you two days ago. |
| a week ago | uma semana atrás | She started a week ago. |
| in 2023 | em 2023 | He worked there in 2023. |
💡 Marcadores de tempo geralmente vão no final ou no início da frase.
📝 Exercícios
Exercício 1 — Complete com o Simple Past
- Yesterday I ___________ (work) from 8 to 5.
- She ___________ (study) English last night.
- We ___________ (play) soccer on Sunday.
- They ___________ (watch) a movie last weekend.
- He ___________ (call) his mother yesterday.
- I ___________ (help) my friend with homework.
- She ___________ (cook) dinner for the family.
- We ___________ (clean) the house last Saturday.
- He ___________ (travel) to Rio last month.
- They ___________ (visit) the museum two days ago.
Exercício 2 — Passe para a NEGATIVA
- I worked yesterday. → I ___________ yesterday.
- She studied last night. → She ___________ last night.
- We played soccer. → We ___________ soccer.
- He called me. → He ___________ me.
- They watched the movie. → They ___________ the movie.
- I liked the food. → I ___________ the food.
- She cooked dinner. → She ___________ dinner.
- We traveled in 2023. → We ___________ in 2023.
Exercício 3 — Forme PERGUNTAS
- (you / work / yesterday?) → ___________?
- (she / study / last night?) → ___________?
- (they / play / soccer?) → ___________?
- (he / call / you?) → ___________?
- (we / watch / the movie?) → ___________?
- (you / like / the food?) → ___________?
- (she / cook / dinner?) → ___________?
- (he / travel / last month?) → ___________?
Exercício 4 — Responda as perguntas
- Did you study yesterday? → Yes, __________.
- Did she work last week? → No, __________.
- Did they watch the movie? → Yes, __________.
- Did he call you? → No, __________.
- Did you like the food? → Yes, __________.
- Did she cook dinner? → No, __________.
Exercício 5 — Traduza para o inglês
- Ontem eu trabalhei até as 18h.
- Ela estudou inglês a noite passada.
- Nós assistimos a um filme no sábado.
- Eles viajaram para São Paulo no mês passado.
- Você gostou da comida? — Sim, gostei.
- Ele não ligou para mim ontem.
- Nós limpamos a casa no domingo.
- Ela cozinhou o jantar? — Não.
✅ Gabarito
Exercício 1: worked, studied, played, watched, called, helped, cooked, cleaned, traveled, visited
Exercício 2: I didn't work, She didn't study, We didn't play, He didn't call, They didn't watch, I didn't like, She didn't cook, We didn't travel
Exercício 3: Did you work yesterday?, Did she study last night?, Did they play soccer?, Did he call you?, Did we watch the movie?, Did you like the food?, Did she cook dinner?, Did he travel last month?
Exercício 4: I did, she didn't, they did, he didn't, I did, she didn't
Exercício 5:
- Yesterday I worked until 6pm.
- She studied English last night.
- We watched a movie on Saturday.
- They traveled to São Paulo last month.
- Did you like the food? — Yes, I did.
- He didn't call me yesterday.
- We cleaned the house on Sunday.
- Did she cook dinner? — No, she didn't.
🧠 Dica do dia
🧠
Simple Past = DID + verbo base (perguntas/negativas) ou verbo + -ED (afirmativa)
✅ Did you work? → Yes, I worked.
✅ Did you work? → No, I didn't work.
🚨 NUNCA use did + -ED juntos:
❌ I didn't worked.
✅ I didn't work.