Aula 13 — Countable & Uncountable (Contáveis e Incontáveis)


Data: 09/07/2026

Nível: A2




🎯 O que vamos aprender


Hoje você vai aprender a diferença entre coisas que dá pra contar e coisas que não dá — um erro clássico de brasileiro. Vai dominar some, any, much, many, a lot of e nunca mais errar "how many money" 🙅


  • **Countable vs Uncountable** — a diferença que muda tudo
  • **Quantifiers** — `some`, `any`, `much`, `many`, `a lot of`, `a few`, `a little`
  • **How much? vs How many?** — nunca mais errar
  • **Artigos** — `a/an` só com contáveis



  • 🧠 O conceito


    
    COUNTABLE     = dá pra contar     → 1 apple, 2 apples, 100 books
    UNCOUNTABLE   = NÃO dá pra contar  → water, money, information, rice
    

    🇧🇷 Em português a gente diz "dois pães", "três águas", "muitos dinheiros". Em inglês NÃO. Bread, water, money são incontáveis — você não pode dizer "two breads" ou "three waters".

    | Countable | Uncountable |

    |:----------|:------------|

    | apple 🍎 | water 💧 |

    | book 📚 | money 💰 |

    | car 🚗 | rice 🍚 |

    | dog 🐕 | information ℹ️ |

    | person 👤 | music 🎵 |

    | idea 💡 | furniture 🪑 |

    | cookie 🍪 | bread 🍞 |




    🧱 Regras de Ouro


    1. Artigos `a`/`an` — SÓ com contáveis


    
    ✅ a book, an apple, a car
    ❌ a water, a money, a information
    

    2. `Many` vs `Much`


    | | Countable | Uncountable |

    |:--|:----------|:------------|

    | **Muito(s)** | **many** | **much** |

    | **Pouco(s)** | **a few** | **a little** |


    
    ✅ many books        ❌ many water
    ✅ much water        ❌ much books
    ✅ a few apples      ❌ a few rice
    ✅ a little rice     ❌ a little apples
    

    3. `How many?` vs `How much?`


    
    HOW MANY + countable   → How many books do you have?
    HOW MUCH + uncountable → How much money do you need?
    

    ⚠️ **Erro clássico do brasileiro:** ~~"How many money?"~~ → O certo é **"How much money?"**

    4. `Some` vs `Any`


    | | Afirmativa | Negativa | Pergunta |

    |:--|:-----------|:---------|:---------|

    | **some** | ✅ I have some water | ❌ | ✅ (oferecimento) |

    | **any** | ❌ | ✅ I don't have any water | ✅ Do you have any water? |


    
    ✅ I have SOME apples.       (afirmativa = some)
    ✅ I don't have ANY apples.  (negativa = any)
    ✅ Do you have ANY apples?   (pergunta normal = any)
    ✅ Would you like SOME water? (oferecendo = some)
    

    5. `A lot of` — o coringa


    Funciona com contáveis E incontáveis — use sem medo:


    
    ✅ a lot of books    (muitos livros)
    ✅ a lot of water    (muita água)
    ✅ a lot of money    (muito dinheiro)
    



    🗣️ Frases Práticas


    | Português | Inglês |

    |:----------|:-------|

    | Quantos livros você tem? | **How many** books do you have? |

    | Quanta água você bebe? | **How much** water do you drink? |

    | Eu tenho **alguns** amigos | I have **a few** friends |

    | Eu tenho **um pouco de** dinheiro | I have **a little** money |

    | Tem **muitos** carros | There are **a lot of** cars |

    | Não tem **nenhum** leite | There isn't **any** milk |

    | Você quer **um pouco de** café? | Would you like **some** coffee? |




    ✍️ Exercícios


    1. Classifique (C = Countable, U = Uncountable)


    
    rice _____     chair _____     information _____
    money _____   cookie _____    furniture _____
    water _____   idea _____      bread _____
    

    2. Complete com `many` ou `much`


    
    1. How _______ apples do we need?
    2. How _______ sugar do you want?
    3. I don't have _______ time.
    4. There are too _______ people here.
    5. She doesn't drink _______ coffee.
    

    3. Complete com `some` ou `any`


    
    1. I have _______ cookies in my bag.
    2. Do you have _______ brothers?
    3. There isn't _______ milk left.
    4. Would you like _______ tea?
    5. She doesn't have _______ friends here.
    



    🧪 Desafio


    Traduza para o inglês (sem consultar o gabarito!):


    
    1. Quantos livros você tem?
    2. Quanto dinheiro você precisa?
    3. Eu tenho alguns amigos no Brasil.
    4. Ela não tem muito tempo.
    5. Tem muitas pessoas na festa.
    6. Não tem nenhum leite na geladeira.
    7. Você quer um pouco de água?
    



    ✅ Gabarito


    Exercício 1 — Classificação


    
    rice U        chair C       information U
    money U       cookie C      furniture U
    water U       idea C        bread U
    


    Exercício 2 — Many ou Much


    
    1. How MANY apples do we need?
    2. How MUCH sugar do you want?
    3. I don't have MUCH time.
    4. There are too MANY people here.
    5. She doesn't drink MUCH coffee.
    


    Exercício 3 — Some ou Any


    
    1. I have SOME cookies in my bag.
    2. Do you have ANY brothers?
    3. There isn't ANY milk left.
    4. Would you like SOME tea?
    5. She doesn't have ANY friends here.
    


    Desafio — Tradução


    
    1. How many books do you have?
    2. How much money do you need?
    3. I have some friends in Brazil.
    4. She doesn't have much time.
    5. There are a lot of people at the party.
    6. There isn't any milk in the fridge.
    7. Would you like some water?
    




    **Próxima aula:** Aula 14 — First Conditional (If it rains, I will stay home)