Aula 03 — Simple Present

O que é?

O Simple Present é usado para:

**Fatos** — *The sun rises in the east.*

**Rotinas / hábitos** — *I study every day.*

**Verdades universais** — *Water boils at 100°C.*

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Estrutura

Afirmativa

Sujeito	Verbo	Exemplo
I / You / We / They	verbo base	I work from home.
He / She / It	verbo + -s / -es / -ies	She works at a school.

Regras do -s / -es / -ies:

Regra	Exemplo
Geral: +s	work → works
-o, -s, -sh, -ch, -x, -z: +es	go → goes, watch → watches
consoante + y → -ies	study → studies (fly → flies)
have → has	He has a car.

Negativa

Sujeito	Verbo	Exemplo
I / You / We / They	do not (don't) + verbo base	I don't like coffee.
He / She / It	does not (doesn't) + verbo base	She doesn't speak French.

Interrogativa

Palavra	Sujeito	Verbo	Exemplo
Do	I / you / we / they	verbo base	Do you like pizza?
Does	he / she / it	verbo base	Does he work here?

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Exemplos

Tipo	Frase	Tradução
Afirmativa	I drink coffee every morning.	Eu bebo café toda manhã.
Afirmativa	He plays soccer on weekends.	Ele joga futebol nos fins de semana.
Negativa	We don't eat meat.	Nós não comemos carne.
Negativa	She doesn't smoke.	Ela não fuma.
Interrogativa	Do they live in Brasília?	Eles moram em Brasília?
Interrogativa	Does it rain a lot here?	Chove muito aqui?

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📝 Exercícios

Complete com o verbo no Simple Present:

She ___ (work) at a hospital. → **works**

They ___ (go) to the gym every day. → **go**

He ___ (study) English. → **studies**

I ___ (not/like) spiders. → **don't like**

___ you ___ (speak) Portuguese? → **Do / speak**

My dog ___ (have) brown eyes. → **has**

Traduza:

Ele mora em Brasília. → **He lives in Brasília.**

Você toma café da manhã? → **Do you have breakfast?**

Nós não trabalhamos aos domingos. → **We don't work on Sundays.**

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🗣️ Vocabulário da aula

Palavra	Significado
work	trabalhar
study	estudar
speak	falar
live	morar
go	ir
have	ter
like	gostar
play	jogar / tocar
eat	comer
drink	beber
every day	todo dia
on weekends	nos fins de semana
always	sempre
never	nunca
sometimes	às vezes

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🏋️ Exercício Bônus (09/06)

1. Complete as frases (afirmativa)

a) She ___ (teach) English at a school. → teaches

b) My brother ___ (watch) TV every night. → watches

c) They ___ (go) to the beach on Sundays. → go

d) He ___ (fix) cars for a living. → fixes

e) The bird ___ (fly) very high. → flies

2. Passe para negativa (don't / doesn't)

a) She works on Saturdays. → She doesn't work on Saturdays.

b) They live in Rio. → They don't live in Rio.

c) He studies French. → He doesn't study French.

d) We eat meat. → We don't eat meat.

e) My dog likes cats. → My dog doesn't like cats.

3. Forme perguntas (Do / Does)

a) She speaks English. → Does she speak English?

b) They work here. → Do they work here?

c) He has a car. → Does he have a car?

d) You study at night. → Do you study at night?

e) It rains a lot here. → Does it rain a lot here?

4. Traduza

a) Ele sempre chega cedo. → He always arrives on time.

b) Você bebe café? → Do you drink coffee?

c) Ela não mora em São Paulo. → She doesn't live in São Paulo.

d) Meus amigos jogam futebol todo sábado. → My friends play football every Saturday.

e) Nós nunca comemos carne. → We never eat meat.

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📌 Nota Bônus

**Short answers**: *Yes, I do. / No, he doesn't.* (nunca repita o verbo principal)

**Advérbios de frequência** vêm **antes** do verbo principal: *She **always** arrives on time.*

Com **does/doesn't**, o verbo volta ao base (sem -s): *He doesn't **work**.* (e não *works*)